液态SiBCN前驱体转化陶瓷的抗氧化性能及机制

《复合材料学报》优先在线发表论文。

摘  要：前驱体转化法制备的SiBCN陶瓷具有优异的耐高温抗氧化性能，有望作为高温热结构材料应用于航空航天领域。本文主要对前驱体转化法制备的SiBCN陶瓷在1200、1400℃下的抗氧化性能进行研究。采用XPS对陶瓷氧化前后化学键结合方式进行表征，分析了氧化前后化学结构的变化；采用XRD和SEM对陶瓷氧化前后表面相组成、微观形貌和截面氧化层进行分析，并通过氧化层厚度随时间变化对高温抗氧化动力学进行了研究。结果表明，SiBCN陶瓷经高温氧化后在表面形成了致密的氧化膜，氧化层主要以无定形态存在，且与基体结合紧密。陶瓷的高温氧化速率受氧扩散控制，其在1200、1400℃下的氧化动力学常数分别为0.0224和0.1045 μm2/h，小于SiC陶瓷的0.0449和0.1288 μm2/h。由于SiBCN陶瓷形成的BN(C)结构以及高温氧化后形成的SiOxNy致密氧化膜降低了氧气在氧化层中的扩散速率以及反应活性，使得SiBCN陶瓷具有比SiC陶瓷更加优异的高温抗氧化性能。

关键词：SiBCN陶瓷；氧化；相组成；微观形貌；动力学

Abstract: SiBCN ceramic shows excellent thermal stability, oxidation resistance and crystallization resistance. The oxidation behavior of SiBCN ceramics, derived from pyrolysis of polymeric precursor, was studied at 1200℃ and 1400℃ in air atmosphere. XPS was used to characterize the chemical bonding of SiBCN ceramic before and after oxidation experiments. XRD and SEM were employed to analyze the phase composition and microstructure of SiBCN ceramic before and after oxidation experiments. The oxidation kinetics was studied by measuring the thickness of oxide layers via SEM. The results show that, after oxidation experiments, dense protective oxide layers form on the surface of SiBCN ceramic to prevent further oxidation. And the diffusion of oxidant through the oxide layers is the rate-controlling process. The oxide layers thickness of SiBCN ceramic growth at 1200 and 1400℃ in air can be approximated by a parabolic rate law with rate constants of 0.0224 and 0.1045 μm2/h, respectively. Which was thinner than SiC ceramic with rate constants of 0.0449 and 0.1288 μm2/h, respectively. The B-C-N structure and the formed of dense SiOxNy layers made SiBCN ceramic have excellent oxidation resistance.

Keywords: SiBCN ceramic; oxidation; phase; microstructure; kinetics

作者：许艺芬等，航天材料及工艺研究所 先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室，北京

通讯作者：冯志海，航天材料及工艺研究所 先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室，北京

全文详见中国知网学术期刊优先数字出版。